Consumer (desire for customization as driver) + Innovation by manufacturer/distributor
(seeking growth through differentiation) + Technological advances (as enabler)
In other words, the continual desire by customers for greater personalization (which continues
to be a force today) intersecting with the innovations by the manufacturer (life insurer) and
distributors (agents and advisors) in their attempt to gain competitive advantage gave rise to
the changes which would lead to the demise (in Australia) of traditional products and
distribution channels.
These changes were only possible because of the technological advances of the day, which
enabled the administration of these unbundled contracts.
It is interesting to note that despite having common roots, the subsequent evolution of
distribution has turned out differently in Australia from say her Asian neighbours. This may
perhaps be attributed to differences in culture, which itself is often shaped by surrounding
environmental factors and government regulation.
‘Buy term invest the rest’ did not take root in either the USA nor Asian markets, where more
traditional products with their bundled savings elements have continued to dominate. Why is
this so? A few possible reasons come to mind:
• The lack of investment choices in Asian markets making the ‘buy term invest the rest’
unattractive as a proposition
• The desire to ‘get something back’ hence the savings component which is probably a
cultural aspect.
We will look at the US story in its own section later in this paper.
Agents formed groups (agencies) as they tried to gain scale for greater negotiating leverage.
These would negotiate agreements with a handful of insurance companies, including
commission write backs etc.
There was also product differentiation - there was the entry of Preferred Term, Universal Life
and Variable Universal Life. Preferred Term = blood tests, underwriting, 5 occupational
categories - sharper pricing.
In the UK and Canada, provision of estate tax has been a selling point for insurance. Not sure
that this is the case here.